Gastrointestinal disease

Overview

Gastrointestinal diseases refer to diseases involving the gastrointestinal tract, namely the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and rectum, and the accessory organs of digestion, the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.

Symptoms

Bleeding
Bloating
Constipation
Diarrhea
Heartburn
Incontinence
Nausea and vomiting
Pain in the belly
Swallowing problems
Weight gain or loss

Cause

Some common causes are bacterial infection, viral infection, inflammation, lactase deficiency, difficulty digesting certain foods, poor circulation to the intestines or other organs, ruptured or perforated organs, muscle dysfunction, gallstones, stress, and side effects of anti-inflammatory drugs.
Dietary factors include overeating, eating too much fatty food, not consuming enough fiber, and consuming too much alcohol. Smoking can also contribute to some digestive diseases.
Food allergies and food intolerance
Poor diet
Inflammation and auto-immune diseases
Genetic & structural causes
Lifestyle choices: Constant high stress levels, a lack of exercise, smoking, and drinking can all affect the digestive system
Medication side effects
Post-surgical effects
Cancer
Functional problems: Very commonly patients experience symptoms related to the gastro-intestinal system, but all the tests are normal. Irritable bowel syndrome is one of these functional disorders.

Prevention & Management

Listen to the call of nature. When you feel the need to empty your bowel, do so immediately. Delaying this could lead to constipation.
Wash your hands regularly
Make wise lifestyle choices
Learn to cope with stress
Eat a high-fiber healthy diet
Maintain your weight
Call in professional help. Don’t self-diagnose when it comes to digestive problems or suspected food allergies.